Analysis Of Girl With A Pearl Earring - 1433 Words

What is workmanship? Craftsmanship is from the Latin root and stands for the expression or utilization of inventive ability and creative energy, regularly in a visual frame, for example, painting or model. Creation of work to be acknowledged principally for their excellence or enthusiastic power. When painting, there are numerous approaches to do as such. There is the system of doing oil works of art. There are numerous well known compositions still today that are produced using oil paint. For instance, the Mona Lisa is an extremely surely understood painting. Another sketch is called Girl with a Pearl Earring, which was made one-hundred years after the Mona Lisa. [These two-acclaimed works of art are very similar, while as yet having†¦show more content†¦It is 77cm high by 53cm length insightful. When taking a gander at workmanship history, the High Renaissance was a period meaning the apex of the visual expressions in the Italian Renaissance. The vast majority concur that the High Renaissance started in the 1490 s, with Leonardo s The Last Supper and finished in 1527 with the sacking of Rome by the troops of King of France, Charles V. The High Renaissance time frame was a period of exceptional creative generation in Italy having the best-known cases of Italian Renaissance painting got from the three surely understood Italian specialists, for example, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael. These three were celebrated amid the High Renaissance and went ahead to be through every single diverse age. While the artistic creation of Girl with a Pearl Earring is noted to be from the Dutch Baroque time, measuring stature of 44.5cm by width of 39cm. This period is a period in Dutch history in which it crossed the seventeenth century utilizing an imaginative style that utilized misrepresented movement and clear, effortlessly deciphered detail to create show, pressure, extravagance, and glory in a bit of work, for example, this artwork. Amid this time, cr aftsmen could uninhibitedly pick their topic and how they needed to express it, bringing about craftsman making new workmanship styles and systems. Vermeer was a craftsman who strived to draw out theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Girl With The Pearl Earring 1377 Words   |  6 Pageswarrior has a vision of a better world and never stop fighting for it. Artists and warriors may seem different, but they have more in common than we imagine. An artist is programmed to look at things in different and new ways. In The Girl with the Pearl Earring, Johannes Vermeer the famed artist, asks Griet his young maid to look up at the sky. He asks her â€Å"What color do you see?† She without really thinking about it says â€Å"blue.† Then he doesn’t say anything, while she goes on to tell him all theRead MoreThe Complex Layers Of An Artist1533 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same artistic goals produce works with stylistic differences. Baroque style art was also subject to these geographical differences influencing the vision of the artist. Understanding the complex layers of an artistic movement requires one to analysis works of art and how they compare to other pieces produced during the same time. By taking two works with the same subject matter, one can effectively dissect the influences that time and place have had on the artist’s execution. In 1530 GermanyRead MoreMarie Antoinette s Influence On Fran ce2025 Words   |  9 Pagesexpensive luxuries and even started to gamble. These actions later led to the French being even more upset with her. Finally, to the citizens’ demand, Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI gave birth to their first child in December 1778. Their first child was a girl and they later had three other children together. Unfortunately, not all of their children survived. One child had died within a year and another was extremely sick. As the years went by, France was rising in debt. One of the main causes of the debtRead MoreNon Profit Analysis Essay7109 Words   |  29 PagesNon-Profit Analysis Project Liberty University Penny LeBaron Busi 602 Carlson Hurst Part 1: Christian World View According to Del Tackett’s article on the Focus on the Family website, a person with a Biblical world view â€Å"believes his primary reason for existence is to love and serve God† (Tackett, 2012). Barna Research Group asks the following questions to determine if a person has a Biblical worldview: â€Å"Do absolute moral truths exist? Is absolute truth defined by the Bible? Did JesusRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesused in conjunction with the correct constellations, this chapter is devoted to the latter. The author gives a descriptive list of the twenty-eight mansions of the moon, according to the â€Å"Indian† system, and assigns to each its correct talisman. Analysis of the passage shows that it is a compound of â€Å"Indian† doctrines, the tenets of Dorotheus of Sidon (both attested by Ibn abi ‘l-Rijà ¢l) and elements from a list ascribed to Hermes (attested by the Ihwà ¢n al-Safà ¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢) (pp.14-21). At the begi nning of theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesof systematic study. Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. Compare the three levels of analysis in this book’s OB model. MyManagementLab Access a host of interactive learning aids to help strengthen your understanding of the chapter concepts at www.mymanagementlab.com cott Nicholson sits alone in his parents’ house in suburban Boston

Analysis Of The Dream On Isolation By Laurence Ralph...

Renegade Dreams on Isolation Introduction In Laurence Ralph’s Renegade Dreams, the citizens in Eastwood are susceptible to isolation due the physical injuries and social injuries. My main argument is, the physical injuries and social injuries have impacted their daily lives and have made some residents isolated from others around them. The theme of isolation plays a role in throughout the book as the residents use isolation to motivate themselves and pursue their dreams. This dream is curated from different residents such as Justin Cone, Blizzard, and the gangs (Divine Knights). In the essay, the topics covered are the stories of the characters and the context of isolation in motivating residents to achieve their dreams. This idea can be explained through the ethnographic data, in text citations, and the stories of the characters. Conceptual conversation The theoretical conversation Ralph explores in the book is isolation. He draws ideas from Wacqaunt and Wilson’s The Cost of Racial and Class Exclusion in the Inner City. In the article, the central argument is there is an interrelated set of characteristics that corresponds to social-structural problems in the inner city and the process has triggered â€Å"hyper-ghettoization.† The evidences Wacquant and Wilson present are mainly statistical and anthropology data. The article explains many of the residents are isolated due to the social-structural, economic, and political issues that surround them. The residents being moved by

Role of Organizing in Critical Thinking Essay Example For Students

Role of Organizing in Critical Thinking Essay Role of Organizing in Critical ThinkingCritical thinking requires the ability to process and analyze information. Before information can be processed, however, it must be put into some type of order. This may not seem necessary when there is very little information, but the need becomes evident as problems increase in complexity or the amount of data increases in magnitude. Organizing thoughts is no different than organizing a closet. The first step in organizing a closet is to separate the items into at least two groups. The first group consists of the items you no longer need or use, and the second group is comprised of the items you want to keep. The next step is to further separate the items in the second group into smaller groups. For example, you may choose to separate your clothing by type and place all the dresses in one group and all the sweaters in another group. For example, the group may be subdivided into two groups: dresses and sweaters. These two groups may be further refined by separating each group by color, size, or season, depending on the objective. You may elect to arrange the dresses on the left side of the closet and the pants on the right side, or all the shirts on the upper bar and all the pants on the lower bar. You may choose a different arrangement scheme if you have created seven groupings, each consisting of items you plan to wear on each day of the week. Again, the arrangement is determined by the way you plan to use the items in your closet. After completing the steps outlined above, the items in the closet are now ready to be used. The structure is functional, and the clutter has been eliminated. In other words, chaos has been tamed and replaced by order. In the example above, grouping items into some type of order is the first step in organizing the closet. The first step in organizing thoughts is also to create groupings, or clusters. These clusters are categorized as either mental or natural orders. The mental ordering process is a method of assembling things or ideas into logical groups. In some instances, it may make sense to arrange items by type. In other situations, it may seem logical to group things by color. In short, mental ordering is an arbitrary process and depends on the objective. The key is that the groupings are in some form of order. Unlike mental orders, natural orders have a basis in nature. Although topical, analogical, chronological, and causal are categorized as natural orders, they can also be considered mental orders because they have been imposed by humans. If the objective is to convey a description, topical order works well because it suggests a spatial relationship. A reference to the mountain of shoes in the far left corner of the closet is considered topical. Analogical order is effective in communication because it uses a comparison to convey meaning. This paper itself is an analogy because it compares the steps in organizing thoughts to the steps in organizing a closet. Another natural order is the chronological order. Chronological order is used to arrange items, events, or ideas in the order in which they occur. The last natural order is the causal order, which deals with cause and effect. The statement If you put one more thing in that closet, the doors wont close. is an example of cause and effect. After the groups, or clusters, have been created, the next step in organizing is to analyze the groups and items within the groups. The purpose of this step is to further refine the groupings and determine if changes are necessary. The final step in organizing is to arrange, or prioritize, the groups according to their intended use. Again, the arrangement depends upon the objective. After the organization process is complete, the thoughts, just like the items in the closet, are now in some form of order and able to be processed and analyzed. .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .postImageUrl , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:hover , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:visited , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:active { border:0!important; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:active , .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88 .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0bc95ada81a1aaed5b23176b8b8e4a88:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Importance of Fathers Essay By following our instincts and introducing order, ideas become easier to digest, analyze, and communicate. The structuring of the information enables us to apply critical .

Inside a typical church Essay Example

Inside a typical church Essay Inside a typical church, there are many features, which are very important to Christians in their worship. When a member of the congregation enters the church, he or she will firstly go through the Porch. It is open to invite the congregation into church and is always open before services to welcome people. Inside the Porch, the Holy Water Stoup is found in there. This is where people dip their fingers in the Holy water and make the sign of the cross, on their forehead.The water is for cleaning and washing away the sins symbolically, as well as preparations for the prayer and reminds the Christians of their Baptism, which is the First sacrament of Initiation. This represents welcoming into the family of Jesus. The sign of the cross, reminds them of Jesus death and resurrection. Many books are found inside the Porch. One of the books is the Order of Service, which tells us that the services are liturgical, that they follow a set pattern. There are lots of leaflets, about charities and congregation of activities, which tells us that there are opportunities for Christians to put Jesus teachings into practice in their daily lives.If you carry on into the church you will come to the Nave, which is the main part of the church. This is where you can worship during services and also where weddings, Baptisms and Funerals take place. There are seats called pews. These are wooden seats with kneelers and room stand. This shows that people taking an active a part in the services, which are liturgical. The Nave forms the main body of the cruciform, shape of the church. This means the church is in the shape of a cross.Down the side of the nave, there are confessional boxes. This is where a Penitent (a person who wishes to confess their sins or be reconciled with God) goes in one side and the priest goes through the other side. The Penitent will speak to the priest, of any sin he or she may have committed or might commit. Then the priest will tell him or her that God is, with them every step of their way. This part shows the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation in the Catholic Church.Around the walls of the church are also stained glass windows, which portraying pictures of saints or events from the bible. They were originally to help educate people who were illiterate. The priest would tell stories of the saints, the life of Jesus and particular events from the bibles, which are important to Christians. To tell Jesus life, there are 14 Stations of the Cross, which are pictures, carvings or sculptures showing his journey from being arrested at the garden of Gethsemane until being placed inside the tomb. This reminds the congregation of Jesus sacrifice towards them, and shows how much he cared for them.If you look to the front of the church, you will see a raised up area called the Sanctuary. The fact that it is raised tells us that something important happens up there. On the Sanctuary, there are certain items to be found. One of them is the lect ern. This is like a bookstand, where Bible readings, biding prayers and the homily are read from. Above the lectern is the sanctuary lamp. This is only lit when the Body of Christ (consecrated host) are present in the tabernacle.The tabernacle is a special cupboard, which is shaped like a square or sometimes a dome with a lock on it. It contains consecrated hosts, which is the Body of Christ. The tabernacle sometimes has a cover on it, of which the colour matches the colour of the priests vestments. You may find a Pyx inside, which is a small container for carrying the consecrated hosts, to the sick, elderly and housebound. Near the tabernacle are usually flowers for decoration and also to celebrate the beauty of Gods creation. There are also candles that symbolise Jesus is the light of the world. These both are found around the altar and around the sanctuary.The candles might be placed upon a special table called an altar. This was originally place for making sacrifice to God, nowa days it is used for celebrating the Mass, which is re-enacting Jesus sacrifice on the cross. The table symbolically is a place for a family and the community to gather and share a meal just as Jesus did at the last supper and Passover. During the Mass a chalice can be found on it. This is a large cup made from pottery or precious metal. It contains the wine, which becomes Blood of Christ at the consecration. A lectionary or a Missal is placed on top of the altar. This is a book containing the Order of Service. This too shows the services are liturgical in the church.Above the altar and the tabernacle, you may find a crucifix. This is a reminder of the life, death and sacrifice of Jesus. On the right of the Sanctuary, you would usually find the paschal candle, font, pulpit and statues of Mary or their local saint. The paschal candle is a tall and very thick wax candle, which is lit at the Easter Vigil. It symbolise the resurrection of Christ. On the paschal candle can be found 5 stud s containing incense, which represents the wounds of Christ. There is a picture a cross reminding us of Jesus crucifixion.The font is a bowl made from bronze, oak or even polished marble. It is used in Baptisms to contain the Holy water. Then position on the sanctuary tells us that Baptisms is very important. The statue on the font is a dove. The dove is a symbol of the Holy Spirit who is very important in the first sacrament of Initiation, Baptism. The font maybe found at the back of the church, in a special area called a Baptistery. It symbolises welcome and entry intro the Roman Catholic religion.The pulpit is a raised platform where the priest or the bishop talks to the congregation. It is here where the priest reads out the word of God. It is later explained by the priest. The pulpit is rarely used these days, since the installation of microphones. The priest usually preaches, as mentioned earlier, from the lectern.The statue of Mary may be found on the right or the left of the sanctuary. The statue may be made from plaster, bronze, brass, wood or stone. Many people light candles in front of the statue. Mary is special to the Christians, as God chose her to give birth Jesus. Statues show a person who is special to the Roman Catholic religion, e.g. Mary, St. John, and St. Wilfred and St. Joseph. It is there to remind us of the way they lived their life and remind us how they can be an example to the community. It is not there to be worshipped but to assist people in their prayers. It helps them focus their mind, which prevents them from distraction. All of the above features mentioned, are found inside a typical Catholic church and assists Catholics in their worship.

Free Essays on Iphigenia And Today

Our society isn’t much different from the society of the Greeks. In many ways, we are just like them. News stories are given to us in a format much like that of an ancient epic. We are given the meat of the story before we even know how the conflict started, and we are later given the outcome. We can see this in the case of the World Trade Center attacks. We awoke to hear the news of the towers being attacked, but it wasn’t until much later that we found out how and why. We still have yet to hear the end of that story, and I believe it will be quite a while yet before we do. Also, much like the Greeks, we, as Americans, believe we are the best country in the world. Until September 11th, we thought we were untouchable, and now we know we are untouchable as our government tightens our boarders and begins to regulate our means of travel. This is because of our recent â€Å"Trojan Horse:† the men who hijacked the planes were all living within the US. This had made ma ny people wander if we are too easy on foreigners who wish to enter our borders. If the Trojans would have been less allowing with what came through their walls, we might not have to think of them in terms of mythology. While Troy’s lack of forethought was good for the Greeks, it is still a loss for those of us who would have liked to know more about Troy’s past culture. While we resemble the Greeks in many ways, we still need to catch up to them in a few important things. Yes, I said we, not them. While they may not have had the technology of today, I believe their loyalties were in the right places. According to what I have been told in class, they put their gods first. I hardly ever speak to someone nowadays who actually does put his/her god first, be it Jesus, God, or any of the other gods people are worshipping. This is a sad thing to know. If we cannot put the entity that created us first in our lives, then what are our lives good for? The next most important thing... Free Essays on Iphigenia And Today Free Essays on Iphigenia And Today Our society isn’t much different from the society of the Greeks. In many ways, we are just like them. News stories are given to us in a format much like that of an ancient epic. We are given the meat of the story before we even know how the conflict started, and we are later given the outcome. We can see this in the case of the World Trade Center attacks. We awoke to hear the news of the towers being attacked, but it wasn’t until much later that we found out how and why. We still have yet to hear the end of that story, and I believe it will be quite a while yet before we do. Also, much like the Greeks, we, as Americans, believe we are the best country in the world. Until September 11th, we thought we were untouchable, and now we know we are untouchable as our government tightens our boarders and begins to regulate our means of travel. This is because of our recent â€Å"Trojan Horse:† the men who hijacked the planes were all living within the US. This had made ma ny people wander if we are too easy on foreigners who wish to enter our borders. If the Trojans would have been less allowing with what came through their walls, we might not have to think of them in terms of mythology. While Troy’s lack of forethought was good for the Greeks, it is still a loss for those of us who would have liked to know more about Troy’s past culture. While we resemble the Greeks in many ways, we still need to catch up to them in a few important things. Yes, I said we, not them. While they may not have had the technology of today, I believe their loyalties were in the right places. According to what I have been told in class, they put their gods first. I hardly ever speak to someone nowadays who actually does put his/her god first, be it Jesus, God, or any of the other gods people are worshipping. This is a sad thing to know. If we cannot put the entity that created us first in our lives, then what are our lives good for? The next most important thing...

Heres How Schrodingers Cat Works

Heres How Schrodingers Cat Works Erwin Schrodinger was one of the key figures in quantum physics, even before his famous Schrodingers Cat thought experiment. He had created the quantum wave function, which was now the defining equation of motion in the universe, but the problem is that it expressed all motion in the form of a series of probabilities- something which goes in direct violation to how most scientists of the day (and possibly even today) like to believe about how physical reality operates. Schrodinger himself was one such scientist and he came up with the concept of Schrodingers Cat to illustrate the issues with quantum physics. Lets consider the issues, then, and see how Schrodinger sought to illustrate them through analogy. Quantum Indeterminancy The quantum wave function portrays all physical quantities as a series of quantum states along with a probability of a system being in a given state. Consider a single radioactive atom with a half-life of one hour. According to the quantum physics wave function, after one hour the radioactive atom will be in a state where it is both decayed and not-decayed. Once a measurement of the atom is made, the wave function will collapse into one state, but until then, it will remain as a superposition of the two quantum states. This is a key aspect of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics- its not just that the scientist doesnt know which state its in, but its rather that the physical reality is not determined until the act of measurement takes place. In some unknown way, the very act of observation is what solidifies the situation into one state or another. Until that observation takes place, the physical reality is split between all possibilities. On to the Cat Schrodinger extended this by proposing that a hypothetical cat be placed in a hypothetical box. In the box with the cat we would place a vial of poison gas, which would instantly kill the cat. The vial is hooked up to an apparatus which is wired into a Geiger counter, a device used to detect radiation. The aforementioned radioactive atom is placed near the Geiger counter and left there for exactly one hour. If the atom decays, then the Geiger counter will detect the radiation, break the vial, and kill the cat. If the atom does not decay, then the vial will be intact and the cat will be alive. After the one-hour period, the atom is in a state where it is both decayed and not-decayed. However, given how weve constructed the situation, this means that the vial is both broken and not-broken and, ultimately, according to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics the cat is both dead and alive. Interpretations of Schrodingers Cat Stephen Hawking is famously quoted as saying When I hear about Schrodingers cat, I reach for my gun. This represents the thoughts of many physicists, because there are several aspects about the thought experiment that bring up issues. The biggest problem with the analogy is that quantum physics typically only operates on the microscopic scale of atoms and subatomic particles, not on the macroscopic scale of cats and poison vials. The Copenhagen interpretation states that the act of measuring something causes the quantum wave function to collapse. In this analogy, really, the act of measurement takes place by the Geiger counter. There are scores of interactions along the chain of events- it is impossible to isolate the cat or the separate portions of the system so that it is truly quantum mechanical in nature. By the time the cat itself enters the equation, the measurement has already been made ... a thousand times over, measurements have been made- by the atoms of the Geiger counter, the vial-breaking apparatus, the vial, the poison gas, and the cat itself. Even the atoms of the box are making measurements when you consider that if the cat falls over dead, it will come in contact with different atoms than if it paces anxiously around the box. Whether or not the scientist opens the box is irrelevant, the cat is either alive or dead, not a superposition of the two states. Still, in some strict views of the Copenhagen interpretation, it is actually an observation by a conscious entity which is required. This strict form of the interpretation is generally the minority view among physicists today, although there remains some intriguing argument that the collapse of the quantum wavefunctions may be linked to consciousness. (For a more thorough discussion of the role of consciousness in quantum physics, I suggest Quantum Enigma: Physics Encounters Consciousness by Bruce Rosenblum Fred Kuttner.) Still another interpretation is the Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI) of quantum physics, which proposes that the situation actually branches off into many worlds. In some of these worlds the cat will be dead upon opening the box, in others the cat will be alive. While fascinating to the public, and certainly to science fiction authors, the Many Worlds Interpretation is also a minority view among physicists, though there is no specific evidence for or against it. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Maths and Statistics Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Maths and Statistics Assignment 2 - Essay Example The point of intersection, where the axes meet is called the origin normally labelled as O. A particular point on a two dimensional coordinate system is defined by the x unit first, followed by y unit in the form (x, y). There are four quadrants as shown in below figure. In Quadrant I the values are (x,y), and II:(-x,y), III:(-x,-y) and IV:(x,-y). The  polar coordinate system  is a  two-dimensional  coordinate system  in which a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction determine each point on a plane. It is useful where the relationship between two points is expressed in terms of angle and distance. The fixed point is called the  pole, and the  ray  from the pole with the fixed direction is the  polar axis. The distance from the pole is called the  radial coordinate  or  radius, and the angle (measured in anti-clockwise) is the  angular coordinate,  polar angle, or  azimuth. Below diagram (left) shows the polar coordinate system: A particular point on the polar coordinate system is defined by the distance r first, followed by the angle ÃŽ ¸ (in degrees or radians) in the form (r, ÃŽ ¸). An equivalent Cartesian  coordinate system  for the polar coordinate system  is shown to the right, where point (x, y) is represented by (. Latitude  (horizontal line also referred as parallel) is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a point north or south of the Equator.  Each degree of latitude is approximately 69 miles (111 km) apart. Degrees latitude are numbered from 0 ° to 90 ° north and south. Zero degree is the equator, the imaginary line that divides our planet into the northern and southern hemispheres. 90 ° north is the North Pole and 90 ° south is the South Pole. Longitude  (vertical line also referred as meridians) is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes, and seconds, of a point east or